Metal casting is one of the oldest methods of shaping metal, dating back to 4000 BC. Early civilizations, such as the Mesopotamians and Egyptians, used basic forms of casting to create tools, weapons, and statues from metals like copper and bronze. The process involved pouring molten metal into stone or clay moulds to form solid objects.

Ancient Techniques

The earliest casting technique was sand casting, which involved creating a mould by pressing patterns into sand and then filling the cavity with molten metal. Another early method was lost-wax casting, where wax models were covered in clay and melted away, leaving a mould to be filled with metal. These techniques allowed ancient people to craft intricate and durable metal items.

Evolution to Modern Methods

Over time, metal casting advanced significantly. The development of iron casting during the Iron Age enabled the production of stronger tools and machinery. In the modern era, casting has become highly precise with methods like die casting and investment casting, which are used for producing components in industries such as automotive and aerospace. Today, metal casting remains a vital manufacturing process, combining ancient knowledge with modern technology.